CSR has collaborated on two longitudinal studies funded by the National Institute of Mental Health focusing on the factors in adolescence that affect mental health, well-being, and social role functioning in young adulthood. The first, "Stress and Mental Health: Adolescence to Early Adulthood" was a study of sample of over 1,200 9th, 10th, and 11th graders from three Boston area high schools who were interviewed in-person five times over a ten year period. In each wave of the study, youths were asked extensively about experiences at school, at work, and in their families, about positive and negative aspects of their relationships with friends, family, and intimates, and how they felt about themselves and their personal well being. The study explored a wide range of mental health, health, and behavioral outcomes, including deviant behavior, substance use, and depressed mood. The second study, "Reducing Mental Health Risk in Young Adult Transitions" was a 6 year, three-wave study, building on the findings from the first project. In the first wave, in-person interviews were conducted with over 1300 young adults, mostly high-school seniors from 9 Boston area high schools (including 3 in the City of Boston) plus a sample of youth who dropped out from those schools. Telephone interviews were conducted with parents and data were collected from high school records. The two subsequent waves of interviews were conducted on the telephone. The study traced the interrelations among family conditions, preparation for graduation, early adult roles and relationships, and subsequent mental health. An important focus was the relative influence of family and schools in preparing youths for the transition to adult roles. A large portion of the sample were minority youth and youth who were not college-bound. These studies have been conducted in collaboration with Dr. Susan Gore.